HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda Report - February 20, 2019 Public CommentAmanda Lee, member of the public, presented materials (filed) regarding what she believes is an
environmental crisis on the Mokelumne River resulting from the impact of the California
Department of Transportation (Caltrans) homeless encampment at Highway 99 near the river.
Specific topics of discussion in her presentation included background information on the source of
Lodi's drinking water; known contaminants in Lodi's water supply; information about
Cryptosporidium ("Crypto"); details and photographs about the homeless encampment; call to
Caltrans to stop the homeless from polluting the water in the Mokelumne River; interesting
findings regarding the homeless; and questions for the City. Ms. Lee further reported there is an
individual in the area who has threatened her with an axe, which prompted her to repair the fence
because the homeless continue to cut it to go through the neighbor's private property to urinate,
defecate, and throw garbage. At this point, Curtis Lee, member of the public, ceded his five
minutes to Ms. Lee. She continued that part of the problem is the area has three jurisdictions:
San Joaquin County Sherriffs Office, Lodi Police Department, and California Highway Patrol. She
encouraged the City and County to collaborate efforts with Caltrans as there seems to be
confusion over jurisdictional lines. She pointed out that the dirt along the river is stained red,
which could be red phosphorus for methamphetamine production, and she often sees the
homeless dumping contaminants in the river. She requested Caltrans evict the homeless tenants,
secure the area, and decontaminate the biohazard waste. At this point, Andre Crockett, member
of the public, ceded his five minutes to Ms. Lee so she could ask questions of the City as listed in
her presentation materials.
Public Works Director Charlie Swimley provided answers to Ms. Lee's questions that covered
topics such as the Annual Water Quality Report, last environmental impact study, list of
contaminated wells, the PCE/TCE cleanup and monitoring report, and ways to protect drinking
water from contamination. Travis Kahrs, Water Plant Superintendent, provided information on the
water monitoring report sample dates from 2013.
City Manager Schwabauer provided information on a broader prospective and detailed the City's
efforts to address homelessness, including the many shelters, the Committee on Homelessness,
creation of a workforce job training program, application and receipt of grant funds for affordable
housing, and participation in the Continuum of Care. He added that homelessness is a
complicated, national social problem that no city has solved. He encouraged the public to
participate in meetings of the Committee on Homelessness.
Mayor Chandler thanked Ms. Lee for providing him a tour of her neighborhood. Afterward, he met
with the City Manager and City Attorney, and they came up with a multi -prong approach to
outreach with representatives from various agencies. To date, contacts have been made with
Assemblymember Jim Cooper to assist with Caltrans and CHP and the Lodi Police Captains to
work with Sherriff Whithrow.
Mr. Schwabauer encouraged Ms. Lee to speak to Police Chief Tod Patterson about the individual
armed with an axe.
Mr. Swimley offered to provide a tour to Ms. Lee and her neighbors of the state-of-the-art Water
Treatment Facility that was designed to provide high quality, safe drinking water.
An unidentified individual and neighbor of Ms. Lee stated she has been dealing with the homeless
situation, water contamination, and illegal drugs in the neighborhood for a long time and reported
she often sees individuals dumping or dropping off barrels in the middle of the night. As
responsive as Lodi Police Department is when she calls the non -emergency line, by the time
officers arrive, these individuals leave and there is nothing officers can do. She stated she
supports her neighbor and the Police Department and encouraged the City to be more proactive
in this matter.
Mr. Schwabauer reported there are eight police officers entering the academy who should be
ready for patrol in 10 or so months. The City advanced Measure L funds at its last meeting in
order to meet the academy deadline which begins in March. One of the officer positions will be a
Community Liaison Officer for homeless issues, which will add greater assistance and resources
in addressing these types of calls.
Craig Troxclair, member of the public, stated he volunteers with Caltrans' Adopt -a -Highway
Program and shared his experience with what Caltrans goes through when dealing with homeless
encampments, including posting the property for 72 hours, video recording the process in case
anything of value is damaged or taken, and the fear of homeless advocate lawyers suing
over how the process was handled. He stated Caltrans can do a better job, but he acknowledged
it has many hoops to jump through to clean up properties. Further, Mr. Troxclair expressed his
strong opposition to smoking and tobacco products and encouraged Council to strengthen no -
smoking laws, such as prohibiting smoking in parks and on sidewalks and perhaps even banning
cigarette sales.
Lisa Hosman, member of the public, reported that her neighborhood has a significant rat problem,
which she has tried to address with extermination and conversations with neighbors and county
health inspectors. She would like the situation to improve and suggested the City look at a
program that Stockton has in which it inspects all rental properties every five years to ensure they
are safe and clean.
Mushtaq Tahirkheli, member of the public, commented on the Delta College campus that was
scheduled to come to Lodi but never came to fruition, stating he and a group of friends are
working to continue these discussions with the Delta College Board of Trustees. He asked
Council to support his efforts.
John Hall, member of the public, stated he too lives in the neighborhood near the Mokelumne
River and shared his issues and concerns with the homeless encampments in the area, stating
the area went from idyllic and safe to frightening with drugs, vandalism, graffiti, garbage, and
human waste. He stated the aggressiveness of the homeless is getting worse and he is afraid
someone will be hurt as a result.
Chief Patterson shared with the public that recent legislation has tied the hands of police by
lowering the thresholds on crimes, which quickly puts criminals back on the streets. He
encouraged the public to study legislative bills, such as Propositions 47 and 57, before voting on
them because these laws are allowing criminals to stay on the streets. He stated the City is doing
all it can to address the homeless situation, as well as organizations such as Take Back Lodi, and
everyone needs to work harder to make this successful. He encouraged those in attendance to
speak with him further after the meeting.
Mayor Pro Tempore Kuehne thanked the neighbors for sharing their concerns and reported on
his efforts in working on this issue, including involvement in the Committee on Homeless and the
County's Continuum of Care and participation in the HEAP grant application process that brought
in $1.25 million for Lodi. The City has helped get over 100 people off of the streets and into
rehabilitation centers or shelters; Take Back Lodi is working to address the situation; many
people donated their time to volunteer for the point -in -time count; the public donated money to the
Police Department for a truck for the Homeless Community Liaison Officer to pick up shopping
carts; and Measure L recently passed that will hire more Police Officers and another Homeless
Community Liaison Officer. He added the Grand Jury points to Lodi as a role model based on its
efforts to address homelessness and that he continues to search out other ideas and programs
both locally and nationally.
E. Comments by the City Council Members on Non -Agenda items
Council Member Mounce concurred with Chief Patterson that legislation, such as Propositions 47
and 57, has downgraded a number of violent crimes that can no longer be prosecuted and
realignment has pushed low offenders back onto the streets, mostly criminals who continue to do
drugs and commit acts of violence. She shared some of her experiences in dealing with the
homeless, including touring sites with trash and human waste, homeless individuals sleeping on
her porch, attempted assault against her by a homeless man at Lawrence Park, and her family's
rental becoming ransacked and damaged by a group of homeless individuals. As a League of
California Cities Board Member, she and her colleagues are working with the new Governor and
OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT
Public Health Goals
Health Risk information
for Public Health Goal
Exceedance Reports
February 2019
Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Branch
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
California Environmental Protection Agency
Health Risk Information for
Public Health Goal Exceedance Reports
Prepared by
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
California Environmental Protection Agency
February 2019
Under the Calderon -Sher Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 (the Act), public water
systems with more than 10,000 service connections are required to prepare a report
every three years for contaminants that exceed their respective Public Health Goals
(PHGs).1 This document contains health risk information 'on regulated drinking water
contaminants to assist public water systems in preparing these reports. A PHG is the
concentration of a contaminant in drinking water that poses no significant health risk if
consumed for a lifetime. PHGs are developed and published by the Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) using current risk assessment
principles, practices and methods.2
The water system's report is required to identify the health risk category (e.g.,
carcinogenicity or neurotoxicity) associated with exposure to each regulated
contaminant in drinking water and to include a brief, plainly worded description of these
risks. The report is also required to disclose the numerical public health risk, if
available, associated with the California Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) and with
the PHG for each contaminant. This health risk information document is prepared by
OEHHA every three years to assist the water systems in providing the required
information in their reports.
Numerical health risks: Table 1 presents health risk categories and cancer risk values
for chemical contaminants in drinking water that have PHGs.
The Act requires that OEHHA publish PHGs based on health risk assessments using
the most current scientific methods. As defined in statute, PHGs for non -carcinogenic
1 Health and Safety Code Section 116470(b)
2 Health and Safety Code Section 116365
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
1
chemicals in drinking water are set at a concentration "at which no known or anticipated
adverse health effects will occur, with an adequate margin of safety." For carcinogens,
PHGs are set at a concentration that "does not pose any significant risk to health."
PHGs provide one basis for revising MCLs, along with cost and technological feasibility.
OEHHA has been publishing PHGs since 1997 and the entire list published to date is
shown in Table 1.
Table 2 presents health risk information for contaminants that do not have PHGs but
have state or federal regulatory standards. The Act requires that, for chemical
contaminants with California MCLs that do not yet have PHGs, water utilities use the
federal Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) for the purpose of complying with
the requirement of public notification. MCLGs, like PHGs, are strictly health based and
include a margin of safety. One difference, however, is that the MCLGs for carcinogens
are set at zero because the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) assumes
there is no absolutely safe level of exposure to such chemicals. PHGs, on the other
hand, are set at a level considered to pose no significant risk of cancer; this is usually
no more than a one -in -one -million excess cancer risk (1x10-6) level for a lifetime of
exposure. In Table 2, the cancer risks shown are based on the US EPA's evaluations.
For more information on health risks: The adverse health effects for each chemical
with a PHG are summarized in a PHG technical support document. These documents
are available on the OEHHA website (http://www.oehha.ca.gov). Also, technical fact
sheets on most of the chemicals having federal MCLs can be found at
http://www.epa.gov/your-drinking-waterltable-regulated-drinking-water-contaminants.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
2
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Alachlor
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.004
NA5,6
0.002
NA
Aluminum
neurotoxicity and
immunotoxicity
(harms the nervous and
immune systems)
0.6
NA
1
NA
Antimony
digestive system toxicity
(causes vomiting)
0.02
NA
0.006
NA
Arsenic
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000004
(4x10-6)
1x10-6
(one per
million)
0.01
2.5x10-3
(2.5 per
thousand)
Asbestos
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
7 MFL'
(fibers
>10
microns in
length)
1x10-6
7 MFL
(fibers
>10
microns in
length)
1x10-6
(one per
million)
Atrazine
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00015
1x10-6
0.001
7x10-6
(seven per
million)
1 Based on the OEHHA PHG technical support document unless otherwise specified. The categories are
the hazard traits defined by OEHHA for California's Toxics Information Clearinghouse (online at:
http://oehha.ca.gov/multimedia/green/pdf/GC Regtext011912 . pdf ).
2 mg/L = milligrams per liter of water or parts per million (ppm)
3 Cancer Risk = Upper bound estimate of excess cancer risk from lifetime exposure. Actual cancer risk may
be lower or zero. 1 x10-6 means one excess cancer case per million people exposed.
4 MCL = maximum contaminant level.
5 NA = not applicable. Cancer risk cannot be calculated.
6 The PHG for alachlor is based on a threshold model of carcinogenesis and is set at a level that is believed
to be without any significant cancer risk to individuals exposed to the chemical over a lifetime.
MFL = million fibers per liter of water.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
3
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Barium
cardiovascular toxicity
(causes high blood
pressure)
2
NA
1
NA
Bentazon
hepatotoxicity and
digestive system toxicity
(harms the liver,
intestine, and causes
body weight effects8)
0.2
NA
0.018
NA
Benzene
carcinogenicity
(causes leukemia)
0.00015
1x10-6
0.001
7x10-6
(seven per
million)
Benzo[alpyrene
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000007
(7x10-6)
1x10-6
0.0002
3x10-5
(three per
hundred
thousand)
Beryllium
digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach or
intestine)
0.001
NA
0.004
NA
Bromate
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001
1x10-6
0.01
1x10-4
(one per
ten
thousand)
Cadmium
nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.00004
NA
0.005
NA
Carbofuran
reproductive toxicity
(harms the testis)
0.0007
NA
0.018
NA
8 Body weight effects are an indicator of general toxicity in animal studies.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
4
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Carbon
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001
1x10-6
0.0005
5x10-6
(five per
million)
tetrachloride
Chlordane
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00003
1x10-6
0.0001
3x10-6
(three per
million)
Chlorite
hematotoxicity
(causes anemia)
neurotoxicity
(causes neurobehavioral
effects)
0.05
NA
1
NA
Chromium,
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00002
1x10-6
none
NA
hexavalent
Copper
digestive system toxicity
(causes nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea)
0.3
NA
1.3 (AL9)
NA
Cyanide
neurotoxicity
(damages nerves)
endocrine toxicity
(affects.the thyroid)
0.15
NA
0.15
NA
Dalapon
nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.79
NA
0.2
NA
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
developmental toxicity
(disrupts development)
0.2
NA
0.4
NA
adipate (DEHA)
Diethylhexyl-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.012
1x10-6
0.004
3x10-7
(three per
ten million)
phthalate
(DEHP)
9 AL = action level. The action levels for copper and lead refer to a concentration measured at the tap. Much
of the copper and lead in drinking water is derived from household plumbing (The Lead and Copper Rule,
Title 22, California Code of Regulations [CCR] section 64672.3).
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
5
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
1,2-Dibromo-3-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0000017
(1.7x10-6)
1x10-6
0.0002
1x10-4
(one per
ten
thousand)
chloropropane
(DBCP)
1,2-Dichioro-
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.6
NA
0.6
NA
benzene
(o -DCB)
1,4-Dichioro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.006
1x10-6
0.005
8x10-7
(eight per
ten million)
benzene
(p -DCB)
1,1-Dichioro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.003
1 x10-6
0.005
2x10-6
(two per
million)
ethane
(1,1 -DCA)
1,2-Dichioro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0004
1x10-6
0.0005
1x10-6
(one per
million)
ethane
(1,2 -DCA)
1,1-Dichioro-
. hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.01
NA
0.006
NA
ethylene
(1,1-DCE)
1,2-Dichloro-
nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.013
NA
0.006
NA
ethylene, cis
1,2-Dichioro-
immunotoxicity
(harms the immune
system)
0.05
NA
0.01
NA
ethylene, trans
Dichloromethane
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.004
1x106
0.005
1x10-6
(one per
million)
(methylene
chloride)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
6
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG 2
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
2,4-Dichloro-
hepatotoxicity and
nephrotoxicity
(harms the liver and
kidney)
0.02
NA
0.07
NA
phenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D)
1,2-Dichloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0005
1 x 10-6
0.005
1x10-5
(one per
hundred
thousand)
propane
(propylene
dichloride)
1,3-Dichloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0002
1x10-6
0.0005
2x10-6
(two per
million)
propene
(Telone II®)
Dinoseb
reproductive toxicity
(harms the uterus and
testis)
0.014
NA
0.007
NA
Diquat
ocular toxicity
(harms the eye)
developmental toxicity
(causes malformation)
0.006
NA
0.02
NA
Endothall
digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach or
intestine)
0.094
NA
0.1
NA
Endrin
neurotoxicity
(causes convulsions)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.0003
NA
0.002
NA
Ethylbenzene
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.3
NA
0.3
NA
(phenylethane)
Ethylene
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00001
1x10-6
0.00005
5x10-6
(five per
million)
dibromide (1.2-
Dibromoethane)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
7
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG s
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Fluoride
musculoskeletal toxicity
1
NA
2
NA
(causes tooth mottling)
Glyphosate
nephrotoxicity
0.9
NA
0.7
NA
(harms the kidney)
Heptachlor
carcinogenicity
0.000008
1x10-6
0.00001
1x106
(causes cancer)
(8x10-6)
(one per
million)
Heptachlor
carcinogenicity
0.000006
1 x10-6
0.00001
2x10-6
epoxide
(causes cancer)
(6x10-6)
(two per
million)
Hexachloroben-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00003
1x10-6
0.001
3x10-5
(three per
hundred
thousand)
zene
Hexachloro-
digestive system toxicity
(causes stomach
lesions)
0.002
NA
0.05
NA
cyclopentadiene
(HCCPD)
Lead
developmental
0.0002
<1x10-6
0.015
2x10-6
neurotoxicity
(causes neurobehavioral
effects in children)
cardiovascular toxicity
(PHG is
not based
on this
effect)
(AL8)
(two per
million)
(causes high blood
pressure)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
Lindane
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000032
1x10-6
0.0002
6x10-6
(six per
million)
ly-BHC)
Mercury
nephrotoxicity
0.0012
NA
0.002
NA
(inorganic)
(harms the kidney)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
8
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Methoxychlor
endocrine toxicity
(causes hormone
effects)
0.00009
NA
0.03
NA
Methyl tertiary-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.013
1x10-6
0.013
1x10-6
(one per
million)
butyl ether
(MTBE)
Molinate
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.001
1x10-6
0.02
2x10-5
(two per
hundred
thousand)
Monochioro-
nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.07
NA
0.07
NA
benzene
(chlorobenzene)
Nickel
developmental toxicity
(causes increased
neonatal deaths)
0.012
NA
0.1
NA
Nitrate
hematotoxicity
(causes
methemoglobinemia)
45 as
nitrate
NA
10 as
nitrogen
(=45 as
nitrate)
NA
Nitrite
hematotoxicity
(causes
methemoglobinemia)
3 as
nitrite
NA
1 as
nitrogen
(=3 as
nitrite)
NA
Nitrate and
hematotoxicity
(causes
methemoglobinemia)
10 as
nitrogen10
NA
10 as
nitrogen
NA
Nitrite
10 The joint nitrate/nitrite PHG of 10 mg/L (10 ppm, expressed as nitrogen) does not replace the individual
values, and the maximum contribution from nitrite should not exceed 1 mg/L nitrite -nitrogen.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
9
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCLS
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
N -nitroso-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000003
(3x10-6)
1 x10-6
none
NA
dimethyl -amine
(NDMAj
Oxamyl
general toxicity
(causes body weight
effects)
0.026
NA
0.05
NA
Pentachloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0003
1x10-6
0.001
3x10-6
(three per
million)
phenol (PCP)
Perchlorate
endocrine toxicity
(affects the thyroid)
developmental toxicity
(causes neurodevelop-
mental deficits)
0.001
NA
0.006
NA
Picloram
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.166
NA
0.5
NA
Polychlorinated
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00009
1 x10-6
0.0005
6x10-6
(six per
million)
biphenyls
(PCBs)
Radium -226
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.05 pCi/L
1x10-6
5 pCi/L
(combined
Ra226+228)
1x10-4
(one per
ten
thousand)
Radium -228
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.019 pCi/L
1x10-6
5 pCi/L
(combined
Ra226+228)
3x10 -
(three per
ten
thousand)
Selenium
integumentary toxicity
(causes hair Toss and
nail damage)
0.03
NA
0.05
NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
10
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Silvex (2,4,5 -TP)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.003
NA
0.05
NA
Simazine
general toxicity
(causes body weight
effects)
0.004
NA
0.004
NA
Strontium -90
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.35 pCi/L
1x10-6
8 pCi/L
2x10-5
(two per
hundred
thousand)
Styrene
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0005
1x106
0.1
2x10-4
(two per
ten
thousand)
(vinylbenzene)
1,1,2,2-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001
1x10-6
0.001
1x10-5
(one per
hundred
thousand)
Tetrachloro-
ethane
2,3,7,8 -Tetra-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
5x10-"
1x10-6
3x10.8
6x10-4
(six per ten
thousand)
chlorodibenzo p-
dioxin (TCDD, or
dioxin)
Tetrachloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00006
1 x10-6
0.005
8x10-5
(eight per
hundred
thousand)
ethylene
(perchioro-
ethylene, or
PCE)
Thallium
integumentary toxicity
(causes hair loss)
0.0001
NA
0.002
NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
11
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG z
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Thiobencarb
general toxicity
(causes body weight
effects)
hematotoxicity
(affects red blood cells)
0.042
NA
0.07
NA
Toluene
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
endocrine toxicity
(harms the thymus)
0.15
NA
0.15
NA
(methylbenzene)
Toxaphene
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00003
1x10-6
0.003
1x104
(one per
ten
thousand)
1,2,4-Trichloro-
endocrine toxicity
(harms adrenal glands)
0.005
NA
0.005
NA
benzene
1,1,1-Trichloro-
neurotoxicity
(harms the nervous
system),
reproductive toxicity
(causes fewer offspring)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
hematotoxicity
(causes blood effects)
1
NA
0.2
NA
ethane
1,1,2-Trichloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0003
1x10-6
0.005
2x10-5
(two per
hundred
thousand)
ethane
Trichloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0017
1x10-6
0.005
3x10-6
(three per
million)
ethylene (TOE)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
12
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
California
PHG
(mg/L)2at
Cancer
Risk3
the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Trichlorofluoro-
accelerated mortality
(increase in early death)
1.3
NA
0.15
NA
methane
(Freon 11)
12,3-Trichloro-
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0000007
(7x10-7)
1x10-6
0.000005
(5x10-6)
7x10-6
(seven per
million)
propane
(1,2,3 -TCP)
1,1,2-Trichloro-
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
4
NA
1.2
NA
1 ,2,2-trifluoro-
ethane
(Freon 113)
Tritium
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
400 pCi/L
1x106
20,000
pCi/L
5x10-5
(five per
hundred
thousand)
Uranium
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.43 pCi/L
1x10-6
20 pCi/L
5x10-5
(five per
hundred
thousand)
Vinyl chloride
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00005
1x10-6
0.0005
1x10-5
(one per
hundred
thousand)
Xylene
neurotoxicity
(affects the senses,
mood, and motor
control)
1.8 (single
isomer or
sum of
isomers)
NA
1.75 (single
isomer or
sum of
isomers)
NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
13
Table 2: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
without California Public Health Goals
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
US EPA
MCLG2
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3 @
MCLG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk @
California
MCL
Disinfection byproducts (DBPs)
Chloramines
acute toxicity
(causes irritation)
digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach)
hematotoxicity
(causes anemia)
45,6
NA7
none
NA
Chlorine
acute toxicity
(causes irritation)
digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach)
45,6
NA
none
NA
Chlorine dioxide
hematotoxicity
(causes anemia)
neurotoxicity
(harms the nervous
system)
0.856
NA
none
NA
1
Disinfection byproducts: haloacetic acids (HAAS)
Monochloroacetic
acid (MCA)
general toxicity
(causes body and organ
weight changes8)
0.07
NA
none
NA
Dichloroacetic
acid (DCA)
carcinogenicity (causes
cancer)
0
0
none
NA
1 Health risk category based on the US EPA MCLG document or California MCL document
unless otherwise specified.
2 MCLG = maximum contaminant level goal established by US EPA.
3 Cancer Risk = Upper estimate of excess cancer risk from lifetime exposure. Actual cancer risk
may be lower or zero. 1x10-6 means one excess cancer case per million people exposed.
4 California MCL = maximum contaminant level established by California.
5 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal, or MRDLG.
6 The federal Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL), or highest level of disinfectant
allowed in drinking water, is the same value for this chemical.
NA = not available.
8 Body weight effects are an indicator of general toxicity in animal studies.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
14
Table 2: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
without California Public Health Goals
Chemical
Health Risk Category1
US EPA
CLG2
(mg//L)
Cancer
Risk3 @
MCLG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk
Cal fornia
MCL
Trichloroacetic
acid (TCA)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.02
NA
none
NA
Monobromoacetic
acid (MBA)
NA
none
NA
none
NA
Dibromoacetic
acid (DBA)
NA
none
NA
none
NA
Total haloacetic
acids (sum of
MCA, DCA, TCA,
MBA, and DBA)
general toxicity,
hepatotoxicity and
carcinogenicity (causes
body and organ weight
changes, harms the liver
and causes cancer)
none
NA
0.06
NA
Disinfection byproducts: trihalomethanes (THMs)
Bromodichloro-
methane (BDCM)
carcinogenicity (causes
cancer)
0
0
none
NA
Bromoform
carcinogenicity (causes
cancer)
0
0
none
NA
Chloroform
hepatotoxicity and
nephrotoxicity
(harms the liver and
kidney)
0.07
NA
none
NA
Dibromo-
chloromethane
(DBCM)
hepatotoxicity,
nephrotoxicity, and
neurotoxicity
(harms the liver, kidney,
and nervous system)
0.06
NA
none
NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
15
Table 2: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals
without California Public Health Goals
Chemical
Health Risk Category'
US EPA
MCLG2
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3 @
MCLG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk @
California
MCL
Total
trihalomethanes
(sum of BDCM,
bromoform,
chloroform and
DBCM)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer),
hepatotoxicity,
nephrotoxicity, and
neurotoxicity
(harms the liver, kidney,
and nervous system)
none
NA
0.08
NA
Radionuclides
Gross alpha
particles9
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0 (210Po
included)
0
15 pCi/L10
(includes
226Ra but
not radon
and
uranium)
up to 1x10-3
(for 210Po,
the most
potent
alpha
emitter
Beta particles and
photon emitters9
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0 (210Pb
included)
0
50 pCi/L
(judged
equiv. to 4
rnrem/yr)
up to 2x103
(for 210Pb,
the most
potent
beta -
emitter)
9 MCLs for gross alpha and beta particles are screening standards for a group of radionuclides.
Corresponding PHGs were not developed for gross alpha and beta particles. See the OEHHA
memoranda discussing the cancer risks at these MCLs at
http://www.oehha.ca.gov/water/reports/grossab.html.
10 pCi/L = picocuries per liter of water.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2019
16
A Citizen's Inquiry Regarding the Environmental Impact of the CalTrans Homeless Encampment
located at Hwy 99 - Mokelumne River
February 20, 2019
Background: Source of Lodi's Drinking Water
In 2018, treated surface water accounted for approximately 50% of Lodi's drinking
water. Surface water is pulled directly off of the Mokelumne River at Lodi Lake
and treated at the Surface Water Treatment Plant.
w The remaining water demand is met by twenty-three computer controlled wells,
located throughout the City, seven of which are equipped with Granular
Activated Carbon filtration units to address DBCP contamination.
Known Contaminants in Lodi's Water
Supply
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) an agricultural chemical to kill nematodes
in vineyards. It was banned in California in 1977, but is still present in trace
levels in some groundwater.
PCE (Tetrachloroethylene) and TCE (Trichloroethylene) Both chemicals have
multiple industrial purposes. PCE is also a chemical associated with the
manufacture of methamphetamines.
Cryptosporidium, according to the City of Lodi 2017 Water Quality Report, is
a microbial pathogen. The CDC describes Cryptosporidium as a water
borne parasite, capable of causing diarrhea and gastrointestinal distress.
More about Cryptosporidium ("Crypto")
Crypto is transmitted by coming in contact with the feces of an
infected person or animal.
Swallowing as few as 10 Crypto germs can cause infection. An
infected person can shed 10,000,000 to 100,000,000 Crypto germs in
a single bowel movement.
10 Crypto is very resistant to the chlorine -based disinfectants typically
used in water treatment and is one of the most common causes of
waterborne disease (recreational water and drinking water) in
humans in the United States.
It can also be spread by touching surfaces or that have been
contaminated by feces from an infected person.
"The Bottoms"
CalTrans Homeless Encampment located at Hwy 99 - Mokelumne River
On Tuesday, February 12th, my husband and I risked life and limb repairing the fence that
separates the CalTrans Encampment property and our neighbors adjacent property. During
the 4 hours we spent at [he fence line, we spoke with many of the residents of the
,encampment and we were faced with some sobering realities about the homeless population
and the encampment:
mo The current population of the camp is around two dozen people plus about a dozen dogs,
which fluctuates daily. Many of the residents feel that having a dog is essential to an
individual's personal safety at the encampment.
There is no sanitation whatsoever at this encampment (i.e. restroom facility, regular trash
collection or dumpster, or clean water for hygiene or drinking). Imagine the volume of
human and animal waste that is generated by 20+ humans and 12+ dogs.
Untreated water from the Mokelumne River is used by the homeless for drinking and
hygiene purposes.
The residents of the encampment urinate and defecate on the perimeter of the CalTrans
property and adjacent private properties, or directly into the river. The smell of human
waste permeates the air, dirt, and water in the area. Feces and used toilet paper litter the
ground.
100% of the residents we spoke to admitted to being frequent drug users, and while we
were observing the encampment we witnessed what appeared to be drug trafficking
activity.
We escorted our Mayor, Mark Chandler, on a walking tour of the area on Sunday, February 17th
Here are some photos that were taken between 2/10/2019 and 2/19/2019.
Video: West side
of highway 99 -
CalTrans
Encampment
2/10/2019
Video: West side of highway 99 - CalTrans Encampment
2/18/2019
Video: West
side of highway
99 -
CalTrans
Encampment
2/19/2019
It was my understanding that
CalTrans conducted a cleaning
on 1/26/2019; however, this tent
appears to have remained in
the same location? Can
someone explain the CalTrans
clean up/ eviction process?
Caltrans,
Stop your "tenants" from polluting our water!
The encampment's environmental impact to the Mokelumne River
Watershed is undeniable. As an issue of health and safety, and to
protect the Mokelumne River Watershed, we implore the City to take
swift and immediate action to hold CalTrans accountable for their
gross negligence in preventing the contamination of our surface water
and surrounding properties, by demanding that CalTrans:
Take immediate action to evict their "tenants" and prevent further
contamination to the Mokelumne River.
a Take drastic measures to permanently secure the CalTrans property.
We must stop this totally ineffective cycle of semi-monthly "evict -
clean-up - repeat" that's currently being used.
A Work to clean, decontaminate, and restore the CalTrans property
and adjacent properties that have been damaged by squatters.
Other interesting findings...
m Most of the resources available to the homeless are located in
Stockton. We may be able to improve in this area by asking these
outreach organizations to make semi-monthly/monthly trips to Lodi
to provide services.
r, There is no drug detox center in Lodi, or surrounding area. Per my
conversation with a representative at Salvation Army, a person must
be sober to be accepted into any of the local addiction rehab
programs and the nearest drug detox center is in San Francisco,
CA. It's my understanding that a detox facility is opening in
Stockton, but it will not have an overnight facility. At night, the
addicts attempting to detox will be turned loose into the streets.
cm Rumor has it that some of the residents of the homeless
encampment cannot utilize many of the available resources
because they are registered sex offenders. This begs the question,
how are these sexual predators monitored and how is the public to
be made aware of their presence in the community?
Questions for the City of Lodi
What is the status of the 2018 Annual Water Quality Report and why does the city seek to approve a
water rate increase prior to the release of that report? Can you discuss the findings?
When was the last environmental impact study conducted on the CalTrans property? Has the city,
county, or state done anything to monitor or measure the impact from the homeless encampment?
15 a water quality report for the Mokelumne River available? Please provide further information regarding
the quality of untreated Mokelumne River water. This is important information that the public can use to
assess and mitigate their risks when using the Mokelumne River and Lodi Lake for recreation purposes.
Which wells are contaminated and where are they located? Con you explain the averages shown on
the Water Report? For example, for Arsenic the range is 1 0.0 -ND, wJth an average of 3.7 parts per billion
and the public health goal is 0.004 ppb. Hexavalent Chromium, the range is 5.2 -ND and the average is
1.8 ppb and there is no safe amount (maximum contaminant level) for Hexavalent Chromium.
How is cryptosporidium being treated? If with chlorine, do you expect to be within the maximum
contaminant levels for 2018? Do we have any records to show annual fluctuations in the use of chlorine?
s Please explain why the TCE/PCE Clean-up and Monitoring Report and GAC Filtration and DBCP Reports
are not published on the city website? Also, per the 2017 Water Quality Report. there is an Unregulated
Containments Monitoring Rule. Can you explain this, as some of the sample dates are from 2013 and
2016? Specifically, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane2, a known carcinogenic, which hasn't been tested since 2016.
In 2016, it had a range of 47 -ND.
What, if anything, does the city plan to do to protect our drinking water from further contamination from
homeless encampments? What is CalTrans doing to secure the property to prevent this from happening
again?
Please explain what the state, county, and city is doing to monitor and disclose homeless sex offenders in
compliance with Megan's Law, California Penal Code § 290.46?