HomeMy WebLinkAboutMinutes - November 28, 2000 SSCITY OF LODI
INFORMAL INFORMATIONAL MEETING
"SHIRTSLEEVE" SESSION
CARNEGIE FORUM, 305 WEST PINE STREET
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 2000
An Informal Informational Meeting ("Shirtsleeve" Session) of the Lodi City Council was held Tuesday,
November 28, 2000 commencing at 7:05 a.m.
A. ROLL CALL
Present: Council Members — Hitchcock, Land, Nakanishi, Pennino
Absent: Mayor Mann
Also Present: City Manager Flynn, City Attorney Hays, and City Clerk Blackston
B. CITY COUNCIL CALENDAR UPDATE
City Clerk Blackston reviewed the weekly calendar (filed).
C. TOPIC(S):
C-2 "Discussion regarding Budget Policies"
Deputy City Manager Keeter reviewed the 2001/2003 budget calendar (filed). Fiscal
policies will be reviewed at a Shirtsleeve Session in January to be followed by three
meetings to evaluate the policy, goals, and objectives. Proposed budget projects will be
reviewed at a Regular Council meeting. During April through May, five meetings will be
scheduled to evaluate the budget overview. A draft plan and budget will be brought to
Council on May 22, with introduction at the Regular Council meeting on June 6, and final
adoption on June 20.
Council Member Pennino asked that Council receive an update on where they concluded
with the budget last year, as well as a copy of the long term financial plan.
C-1 "Participation in Central Valley Generating Project (LM6000)"
NOTE: Due to a potential conflict of interest, Council Member Pennino abstained from
discussion on Item C-1 and left at 7:10 a.m.
Electric Utility Director Vallow reported that negotiations with Enron to build an electric
generation station at White Slough were discontinued last Wednesday. Mr. Vallow stated
that due to the high cost, he cannot recommend the Enron LM6000 project.
Mr. Vallow introduced the following individuals: Jim Doyle, Manager, Rates and
Resources; Mel Grandi, Manager, Electric Services; Jack Stone, Manager, Business
Planning and Marketing; Tom Lee from Northern California Power Agency (NCPA) who is
responsible for all markets and risk analysis; and Jack Savron from NCPA, responsible
for generation, resources, and dispatching.
Jack Savron explained that NCPA was the point negotiator with Enron, representing the
cities of Lodi, Roseville, Lompoc, and Alameda. Problems with this particular project
were an accelerated construction schedule, which would have driven labor costs
dramatically high, and difficulty procuring equipment. A public workshop was held at the
Carnegie Forum on November 20, with zero attendance by the public. Discussions will
continue with Enron on other options and the Negative Declaration will likely be completed
for the purpose of allowing a placeholder for a similar size plant. He explained that the
Continued November 18, 1000
Enron LM6000 project was a simple cycle plant. Efficiencies are greatly increased with
combined cycle plants that exhaust to a "waste heat boiler' and generate steam, which
goes to another steam turbine. NCPA will determine member interest in developing the
site to a combined cycle mode on a 2003 — 2004 timetable. This would allow for public
Requests for Proposals to be competitively bid. NCPA has determined that the City of
Lodi could secure a long-term contract (for the same amount of capacity and energy), for
less money than what it would have cost to build the Enron LM6000 project. He reported
that the final price of the Enron project was twice that of the original offer.
With the aid of an overhead PowerPoint presentation, Tom Lee, NCPA Supervising
Engineer, described in detail his financial analysis of the Enron project and the current
power market.
Mr. Vallow reported that he will be meeting today with tax attorney and bond counsel,
George Wolf of Salomon Smith Barney, to discuss the financing of long-term power
contracts. In reference to rates, Mr. Vallow stated that Electric Utility resource costs are
less than the market, which results in lower costs to consumers.
City Manager Flynn announced that he selected Roger Baltz as the new Parks and
Recreation Director. He is currently in the process of hiring a Fire Chief and commented
that a threat was made to him by the head of the Fire Union to which he will seek
disciplinary action.
Council Member Land encouraged the City Manager to move forward, noting that no
employee should tolerate threats.
D. COMMENTS BY THE PUBLIC
None.
E. ADJOURNMENT
No action was taken by the City Council. The meeting was adjourned at 8:05 a.m..
ATTEST:
Susan J. Blackston
City Clerk
MJV15 & Card Mr'S WMW Ca.�r
WEEK OF NOVEMBER 28, 2000
Tuesday, November 28, 2000
7:00 a.m. Shirtsleeve Session
1. Participation in the Central Valley Generating Project (Ly16000)
2. Discussion regarding Budget Policies
5:00 P.M. Land and Pennino. Joint meeting of the City of Lodi and Lodi Unified School District
2 X 2 committee, Carnegie Forum
Wednesday, November 29, 2000
Thursday, November 30, 2000
4:30 — 5:15 p.m Hospice Tree of Lights and Parade of Lights Reception (hosted by Bank of Lodi) for
honored guests and involved participants, Carnegie Forum.
5:30 P.M. Hospice Tree of Lights, City Hall. -
6:15 p.m Parade of Lights, Downtown Lodi.
Friday, December 1, 2000
6:00 p.m Lodi Association of Realtors Annual Installation Dinner and Christrnas Party,
Woodbridge Golf and Country Club.
Saturday, December 2, 2000
Sunday, December 3, 2000
Monday, December 4, 2000
Disclaimer: This calendar contains only information that was rovided to the City Clerk's office
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2001-2003 Financial Plan and Budget Instructions
MAJOR BUDGET PREPARATION MILESTONES
PUBLIC
STAFF
MEETINGS
Budget Calendar Release
11/28/00
Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) — Prelim meeting
12/5/00
Departments Review of Fiscal Policies
12/11/00
City Council Review of Fiscal Policies Shirtsleeve
1/2/01
Issue Budget Instructions
1/8/01
City Council Policies/Goals/Objectives — Prelim Meeting
1/9/01
City Council Policies/Goals/Objectives - continued
1/16/01
City Council Policies/Goals/Objectives - continued
1/23/01
Proposed Budget Projects — public comments
2/7/01
Submit Budget Requests to Finance Department
2/19/01
City Manager Revenue Review
2/26/01
City Manager Budget Request Review with Departments
3/6/01
City Council Budget Overview -
4/10/01
Budget Assumptions, Policies/Goals/Objectives
Revenue Assumptions & General Fund Projections
City Council Budget Overview-
4/17/01
Revenue Projections - continued
City Council Budget Overview- continued
5/1,8,15/01
Expenditure, CIP & Fund Status
Draft Financial Plan and Budget
5/22/01
Introduced at Regular City Council Meeting
6/6/01
Adopt 1999-2001 Financial Plan & Budget
6/20/01
CITY OF LODI COUNCIL COMMUNICATION
AGENDA TITLE: Presentation on the Central Valley Energy Facility (LM6000)
MEETING DATE: November 15, 2000
PREPARED BY: Electric Utility Director
RECOMMENDED ACTION: Information only.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The Northern California Power Agency (NCPA) Combustion Project No. 2
(STIG) site was originally sized to accommodate two combustion turbine
units. City needs and market economics now make it feasible to pursue
construction of a second generating unit at the site. Acquisition of another generation resource will .reduce the City's
exposure to high power market prices as well as provide the opportunity for power market sales revenue which would
be used to offset the City's bulk purchased power costs.
As the presentation will show, the project is unique in its partnership, its very ambitious construction schedule and the
potential rewards for helping alleviate California's electric power crisis. Please refer to attached Exhibit A and B.
FUNDING: Not Applicable
AadN. Vallow
Electric Utility Director
PREPARED BY: Jack Stone, Manager, Business Planning and Marketing
ANV/JS/Ist
C: City Attorney
APPROVED: �C
H. Dixon Flynn - City
Exhibit A
LM6000 Executive Summary
1112100
Lodi LM6000 Project
Executive Summary and Recommendation
Plant Description and Ownership Shares
The NCPA CT2 participants have a unique opportunity to add
approximately 45 MW of additional capacity at the Lodi STIG facility.
The proposed new unit, a GE LM6000 aero -derivative combustion
turbine, would .have ownership shares of 19.0% for Alameda, 39.5%
for Lodi, 5.0% for Lompoc, and 36.5% for Roseville. This site was
initially developed anticipating the possibility that an additional
generating unit could be constructed within the existing site boundaries
and utilize certain already installed facilities more efficiently and
effectively. NCPA's Generation Services Business Unit provides full
operations and maintenance support for the existing STIG plant and the
operations and maintenance of the new LM6000 unit would require only
one additional plant operations staff.
Why Build this Unit Now
A healthy California economy, strong electric load growth, and recent
power industry deregulation have contributed to a dramatic need for
new generation facilities within California. Further, participating NCPA
members have an established joint business venture in the Lodi STIG
which can efficiently support the proposed generation unit. This
physical and business situation, coupled with volatile wholesale power
prices and changes to the Western Power Administration contract which
will make it more like a hydroelectric plant, make it prudent to consider
new generation to provide for current and future retail load growth at
stable and predictable power production cost.
Moreover, the California ISO has issued a Summer 2001 and beyond
new capacity RFP which has the potential to provide payments of $8
million per year, for three years, for the proposed LM6000 unit. Enron
is currently negotiating this contract with the ISO. But for building this
plant now with a July 2001 on line date, these ISO capacity payment
1
LM6000 Executive Summary
1112100
monies would not be available.
Thus the combination of an ideal physical location, added plant O&M
scale economies, regional generation deficiency, retail load growth,
annual Western contract variability, and the need for stable and
predictable power supply cost suggest that swift action is warranted to
pursue this project.
Project Economics
The CT2 participants would buy the new unit for about $44 million on
July 2001. Enron would assign the 3 -year, $24 million ISO capacity
contract to the CT2 owners. This brings the effective purchase price of
the plant into the $20 million range. Using a very conservative view of
future power prices and natural gas fuel supply cost, suggests an
expected present value benefit of over $23 million over the first ten
years of plant operation. New unit economics are more fully detailed in
the project description, summary and recommendation report.
Recommendation
It is recommended that the CT2 Project owners:
• Subscribe to their full participation shares in the LM6000 Project.
• Take full title to the unit for $43.9 million on 7/01 (or upon the
date of commercial operation).
• Take appropriate steps to secure the necessary authorities to
finance or pay for such unit.
• Negotiate contracts with Enron to provide for the purchase of
such unit with requisite guarantees on 1) purchase price, 2) ISO
capacity contract payments, and 3) unit on-line date.
K
Exhibit B
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
Lodi LM6000 Project
Summary Description, Assessment
and Recommendation
1) BACKGROUND
During the early 1990s the Cities of Alameda, Lodi, Lompoc and
Roseville underwrote the construction and operation of what is
commonly called NCPA Combustion Turbine Project No. 2 (CT2) in Lodi,
California. The site, on a 10 acre parcel leased from the City of Lodi,
consists of a steam injected LM5000 General Electric turbine nominally
rated at 49.9 MW. The plant commenced commercial operation during
mid -year 1995. The ownership shares of the NCPA participants in this
project are 19.0% for Alameda, 39.5% for Lodi, 5.0% for Lompoc, and
36.5% for Roseville. The site was developed anticipating the possibility
that an additional generating unit could be constructed within the
existing site boundaries. Both the gas service pipeline and the
connection facilities with PG&E's 230 Kv transmission system are sized
to accommodate additional generation.
A healthy California economy, strong electric load growth, and recent
power industry deregulation have contributed to a dramatic need for
new generation facilities within California, in general, and specifically in
the Sacramento Valley Region. Even during the relatively mild Summer
2000 period, the Sacramento Valley Area was subject to numerous ISO
imposed Stage 2 Emergency Alerts (reserve margins falling below 5%).
The Iso, in attempting to help assure appropriate power system
reliability, initiated an RFP for new generation capacity to be on-line by
Summer 2001 --- a very fast track for new generation. The ISO
received approximately 3,000 MW of bid responses to its RFP which
will result in substantial capacity payments being made to selected
bidders during the annual sub -period June through October. ENRON
responded to the ISO's RFP by bidding multiple installations of GE
LM6000 plants in and around Northern California. A prime site for the
installation of such unit is the existing NCPA CT2 location.
1
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
The CT2 owners have entered into a preliminary arrangement with ENRON to
pursue the potential of installing the proposed LM6000 45 MW unit at the CT2
site. Discussions continue to include having NCPA staff provide unit
operations and maintenance, approval of equipment specifications, and
provisions for the CT2 project owners to take ownership of the LM6000 unit
either upon commercial operation or at some defined future date. This report
will discuss the advantages and business structures associated with the
construction of the proposed LM6000 unit at the CT2 location.
2) CT2 SITE OWNERSHIP AND NEW UNIT SHARES
As indicated above, the existing CT2 LM5000 unit is owned by the
Cities of Alameda, Lodi, Lompoc and Roseville. The construction of any
additional facilities within this site will initially be offered to the current
participants based on CT2 participation shares. It is possible, however,
that one or more of the CT2 participants will not want their
proportionate share of any newly constructed unit. In this event, those
participants that desire more than their proportionate share may "step
up" their percentages until the new unit is fully subscribed. The
following table outlines possible LM6000 ownership shares (percentages
and MWs) under various allocation and step up scenarios.
Existing CT2 and Proposed LM6000
Pro Forma Allocation Shares
Participant
CT2,
LM5000
LM6000,
All Share
LM6000,
LD, LO, RO
LM6000,
LD, RO
%
MW
%
MW
%
MW
%
MW
Alameda
19.0
9.5
19.0
8.6
-
-
-
-
Lodi
39.5
19.7
39.5
17.8
48.8
22.0
52.0
23.5
Lompoc
5.0
2.5
5.0
2.3
6.2
2.8
-
-
Roseville
36.5
18.2
36.5
16.4
45.1
20.3
48.0
21.6
Total
100
49.9
100
45.1
100
45.1
100
45.1
2
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
The prior table is for illustration purposes only and uses an LM6000 nameplate
capacity rating of 45.1 MW. Depending upon the ultimate configuration
installed, the capacity could vary between 40 and 50 MW. Also, the
percentage shares may be negotiated between the participants. The
participants may also negotiate a scheme whereby one or more of the CT2
owners do not initially participate in the LM6000 unit but rather buy into this
unit a number of years after commercial operation from the initial participants.
This report does not suggest or recommend initial LM6000 participation levels
and assumes that either each participant will subscribe to their CT2 percentage
or will negotiate between and among themselves to determine LM6000
ownership percentages.
3) NEW GENERATION NEED
There are multiple circumstances indicating a need for additional generation
capacity by NCPA members specifically, and within Northern California
generally. These include:
• Buildout of Existing Site
The CT2 site is ideally suited to the addition of an LM6000 unit. It will
fit within the existing 10 acre parcel containing the CT2 LM5000 unit.
Both the 230 KV interconnection with PG&E and the natural gas
pipeline supply service have been sized to incorporate an additional unit
and only minimal adaptation is necessary to tie into these facilities.
Additionally, the new unit will have access to the water source provided
by the White Slough Treatment Plant. Certain other existing equipment
such as gas compressors, fire suppressant, control room facilities, and
other available equipment that does not have to be redundant support
the construction of a new unit at this site. There will be some potential,
even after the LM6000 unit is installed, to add additional capability from
a heat recovery turbine tied to the existing LM5000 and the proposed
LM6000 units. Given this outcome, this would represent the full build
out of this 10 acre location.
3
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
• California Power Plant Vintages
The California ISO projected a California Summer 2000 peak load of
48,600 MW. Due to the relatively cool summer that occurred, actual
California peak load did not reach this level. Assuming a need for a 15
percent operating reserve margin to cover the peak along with any
potential planned and unplanned outages, California needs a dependable
capacity base of about 56,000 MW, either through capacity built in
California or from dependable import capability. As of August 1998,
the California Energy Commission's "Power Plant Database" indicates a
53,743 MW installed capacity base in California. And over 70% of this
installed capacity is over 30 years old. While it is possible to keep older
power plants running with proper care and maintenance, many of these
plants are relatively inefficient in terms of fuel use and do not have the
ability produce electricity all hours of the year (air pollution constraints,
for example). Major site repowering can resolve some of these reliability
and efficiency issues but it is not unlikely that California will need to add
about 10,000 MW of capacity over the next 10 years just to replace
dated existing capacity.
• California Load Growth
California's total power demand has been growing rapidly over the last
five years. Assuming existing capacity of about 54,000 MW coupled
with a conservative 2%/year load growth over the next ten years,
suggests a need for an additional 12,000 MW of new generation
capacity. And this estimate excludes the impact of declining imports
into California as load growth and capacity demands increase in the
other states comprising the Western Systems Coordinating Council
(WSCC).
• Proposed Capacity Additions
California currently has about 5,000 MW of new capacity in various
stages of construction and about another 5,000 MW in the "thought"
and/or permitting process. Note that this 10,000 MW total is less than
half of the capacity that could realistically be needed over the next 10
years in California. For NCPA local distribution utilities that are not fully
resourced and/or are experiencing significant load growth, this indicates
In
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
a potential shortage of generation and the higher prices and system
reliability concerns that will result. To the extent that lights do stay on
in NCPA member service territories, load will be met with either existing
generation, new generation, longer-term contract purchases, or short
term energy market purchases. With respect to this latter source, the
short term energy market has experienced extreme price volatility over
the last 18 months. Future California capacity shortages will only
exacerbate energy price volatility (subject to actions taken by the
CPUC, FERC, ISO Board, and the State Legislature to control such
situation).
NCPA Member Load Growth
Apart from the general need for new generation capacity in California to
meet state -wide -load growth, NCPA members are also experiencing load
growth associated with economic and population expansion in their
service territories. The following table outlines the preliminarily
projected capacity and energy growth rates for the CT2 owners over the
2000 through 2010 period.
CT2 Owners' Capacity and Energy Needs
(2000 - 2010, Average Hydro Conditions)
Participant
Year 2000
Year 2010
1 O -Year
Change
Annual %
Growth Rates
MW
GWh
MW
GWh
MW
GWh
MW
GWh
Alameda
73.4
394
96.6
525
23.2
131
2.8
2.9
Lodi
136
446
157
513
21
67
1.4
1.4
Lompoc
26.5
135
29.1
14$
2.6
13
0.9
0.9
Roseville
277
1006
457
1626
180
620
5.1
4.9
Total
513
1981
740
2812
227
831
3.7
3.6
5
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
The prior table shows the forecasted capacity and energy needed by the
CT2 owners between 2000 and 2010. This table does not take into
account existing capacity owned or under contract by the participating
cities. The following table displays the estimated net capacity and
energy positions for the CT2 owners for the years 2001, 2004, 2005,
and 2010 (essentially taking the above capacity and energy needs and
subtracting existing resource/contract commitments).
CT2 Owners' Net Capacity and Energy Balance
(2001, 2004, 2005, 2010; Average Hydro Conditions)
Participant
Year 2001
Year 2004
Year 2005
Year 2010
MW
aMW
MW
aMW
MW
aMW
MW
aMW
Alameda
+26
+12
+16
+0.3
+26
-2.5
+9
-14.4
Lodi
-2.6
-8.4
-11.5
-12.8
-7.0
-14.2
-19.1
-19.9
Lompoc
-1.8
-6.8
-3.5
-8.0
-1.2
-8.5
-3.3
-10.1
Roseville
-84
+10
-146
-15
-185
-56
-297
-132
Total
-62
+7
-145
-36
-167
-81
-310
-176
The above table does not address the potential use of the proposed
LM6000 unit to provide a hedge against forced resource outages, load
growth which exceeds the forecast, or extremely dry hydro or unusually
hot weather conditions. Each of these conditions can, to some degree,
be mitigated by having additional resources such as the LM6000 unit.
• Price Volatility Hedge
Energy prices in the deregulated California power marketplace have
demonstrated severe volatility over the last year and a half without any
proposed mechanisms that can realistically stabilize such prices. The
ISO has recently approved a scheme to cap California energy prices as a
function of gas prices and time of day, but it is not yet known whether
M.
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10124100
this action will be either effective or permanent. One relative advantage
municipal power companies have over California investor owned utilities
is that they remain vertically integrated; that is, municipals can build and
operate generating stations to 1) assure that they have ample capacity
to meet load, and 2) accurately predict the cost to serve such load.
This is significantly different from the California IOU situation which
results in the IOUs being market "price takers" when purchasing energy
to meet load.
And market prices since the IOUs divested their power resources have
become increasingly volatile, with average prices increasing sharply.
Evaluating NP15 prices over the period from September 1999 through
August 2000, indicates an average price of $67 per MWh, over all
hours of the one year period. The average price for the highest priced
25 percent of the hours over the same period was $173 per MWh, a
reasonable proxy for the average cost to serve the 8 hour weekday peak
period throughout the year. Also, the trend was for average price to
rise during the latter portion of the period which may indicate the
influence of undue market power by the generators or the bidding
generators simply realizing that they can "game" the marketplace faster
than the ISO or regulators can change the rules. In any case, the
current real time marketplace does not appear to be a cost effective and
predictable place to procure needed wholesale power supply.
The ISO Board approved yet another price cap scheme during the
October 26, 2000 Board Meeting. The vote was 13 for and 10
opposed, hardly indicating full support for the proposal which was
strongly opposed by generators. The approved arrangement allows the
cap to vary as a function of Henry Hub gas price and the ISO forecasted
hourly load level. The cap, given a $6.00 per MMBtu gas price varies
from a low of $65 per MWh to a high of $250 per MWh when
statewide load levels exceed 40,000 MW. This scheme was rejected
by FERC Order dated 10/31/00 which provided certain other changes
which may affect price caps in California.
Price caps can be significant when considering new generation options.
If the caps are set below the operating cost.of proposed new resources
and sufficient generation is forthcoming, one should buy from the
market and avoid the cost of a new plant. On the other hand, price
7
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10124100
caps may simply reduce or eliminate the construction of new generation
if the caps prove too low to recover projected new plant capital, fuel,
and 0&M costs. Thus a municipal power company relying on the
wholesale market for power supply may not be certain such supply will
be available when needed. Another concern facing the municipal
constructor of a new plant to meet load is the prospect of attaining
revenues from the wholesale marketplace when such generation
capacity is surplus to its load at certain times of the year, month, or
day.
Actual August 2000 hourly NP15 prices averaged $194/MWh.
Application of the price caps approved by the ISO board on 10/24/00
would result in an average hourly price of $103/MWh, still high by
historic standards but only about half of the price that actually occurred.
Building a plant will reduce potential price volatility and provide needed
capacity. Based on recent market rule changes and an incessant array
of price cap revisions, the economics of the plant should be based
primarily upon serving native load requirements and not the expectation
of high market derived revenues. The economic evaluation section
below will examine the potential impact of lower market prices.
0 Western Power Firming Need
Commencing 2005 Western power allocations, at this juncture, will be
very much akin to a hydro project. That is, on dry hydro years, energy
delivered will be reduced accordingly and Western customers will have
to supplement their energy supplies from the marketplace, long-term
firming contracts, new generation sources, or some combination of
these alternatives. This change in the Western delivery capability is
primarily responsible for the increased energy requirement of 45 aMW of
the CT2 owners between 2004 and 2005. The proposed LM6000
project with the environmental capability to operate 24 hours/day can
provide a reliable source of such energy at a cost that will likely be at or
below market prices even if caps remain in place. During August 2000,
as discussed above for example, even with the load based caps, 75% of
the month prices would have been $95/MWh or greater, with an
average price during this period (about 550 .hours) of $125/MWh. The
LM6000 unit with a 9500 Btu/KWh heat rate and $fi/MMBtu gas would
produce energy at a cost of about $60/MWh (fuel plus variable O&M
only).
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
• ISO Capacity Payments
Enron, the proposed constructor of the LM6000 project, bid into the ISO
Summer 2001 capacity RFP. While this RFP is not yet final, the
LM6000 project has made the initial screening and ENRON and ISO
staff are negotiating payments to be made annually over a three year
period given swift construction and operation of the LM6000 unit
(proposed on line 7/1/01). These payments could be in the range of $8
million a year for three years.
The ISO needs this new capacity to help prevent system emergency
situations in NP15. ENRON's receipt of such contract from the ISO
(which will be assignable to NCPA if the CT2 owners purchase such
plant), allows one way to offset the construction cost of the unit. While
it may have been desirable for NCPA to RFP the CT2 site to see what
other arrangements might have been available from other market
players, the simple fact is that if ENRON consummates the ISO capacity
bid contract, there is no way NCPA or any other entity could build this
unit and get the funding from the ISO. Thus, a unique opportunity
exists to offset much plant construction cost and further reinforces the
reasons that NCPA is, at this time, dealing exclusively with ENRON
regarding the CT2 site.
4) Proposed LM6000 Hardware Configuration
The LM6000 proposal is more fully described in the Initial Study and Mitigated
Negative Declaration for the Central Valley Energy Facility Proiect published
October 2000 in conjunction with the necessary environmental scoping and
reporting associated with the proposed new plant. In this report the plant is
assumed to be on line July 1, 2001 and have a net nameplate rating of 45.1
MW. Further, the plant will be able to generate 24 hours/day, throughout the
year without any energy output restrictions. Further, the unit will fit within the
bounds of the existing CT2 site and be operated and maintained by NCPA's
Generation Services Business Unit. One additional staff person will be required
to provide routine maintenance and to operate the unit.
A
LM6000 Draft Assessment
10/24/00
5) Project Alternatives Considered
There are three project alternatives considered in this report:
A) No action - do not construct project;
B) ENRON constructs and owns plant through 11 /1 /04; and,
C) ENRON constructs and CT2 owners buy plant upon commercial
operation, 7/1/01.
Option A
As discussed earlier in this report, the ISO capacity payments, if
attained, present a unique opportunity to offset a significant portion of
the construction cost of this project. If that contract is not
consummated, then ENRON will not construct the plant and the site will
not be built out in the immediate future. If this were to happen, NCPA
staff, in conjunction with the CT2 participants, will evaluate other ways
to use the remaining capability at the CT2 site consistent with market
alternatives and the need to meet load and Western contract changes.
In the event that NCPA were to later proceed to construct an additional
unit on this site it would likely come on line during the summer or fall of
2002, at the earliest, at a potential construction cost in the range of
$30 - $35 million for a project similar to that proposed by ENRON. It
must be noted that there can be considerable construction cost
uncertainty given the recent shift from a buyer's to a seller's market in
generation capacity. Moreover, NCPA expended over $70 million during
the construction of the CT2 unit -- a total exceeding $1400 / KW.
Option A assumes that CT2 owners simply buy a market equivalent
30% load factor "plant output" at current and future market prices.
Option B
This alternative has ENRON constructing and owning the unit from the
date of commercial operation through 11/1/04. During this period,
ENRON would receive the rights to all unit output and resultant market
revenues along with all ISO summer capability payments. NCPA staff
would perform all operation and routine maintenance functions at the
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facility for a a management fee plus the fully loaded cost of a plant
operator. NCPA would pay for a plant inspection approximately 90 days
prior to change of ownership to assure that the plant condition was at
least average for a 3 year old plant with a similar number of operating
hours. ENRON would be required to fix any significant mechanical
deficiencies with a capped obligation of, say, $1 million.
Initial discussions focused on this option with an 11/1/04 proposed
transfer price in the range of $300/KW, or about $13.5 million. ENRON
has indicated that the cost to install the unit has increased substantially
(to about $44 million) and that this, with further refinement of its tax
and interest calculations, results in a transfer price likely to be in the
$600 - $800 per KW, or up to $36 million.
Option C
This option includes the participating CT2 owners purchasing the
LM6000 unit on the date of commercial operation, targeted to be
7/1/01. The full purchase price for the unit will be $43.9 million. The
NCPA CT2 participants will receive all payments resulting from the ISO
summer capacity contract (nominally, $24 million) and, if desired, $12 -
$14 million for a call option purchased by ENRON for plant output from
unit commercial operation date through 11/1 /04.
In short, for the first 3 plus years it would be essentially ENRON`s unit
with the right to call on it and operate it as it deems prudent. NCPA
would receive the revenue from the ENRON call option and all ISO
capacity payments. After 11 /1 /04, the plant would be operated per the
instructions of the CT2 participants and ENRON ceases to be involved in
the plant.
6) Economic Assessment
NCPA evaluated Options A, B, and C, and performed sensitivity analyses to
project the impacts of changing natural gas prices and the market price of
available energy.
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Basic Input Assumptions Included:
Discount Rate
Natural Gas Price
Annual Capacity Factor
Average Energy Price
Escalation Rate
Evaluation Period
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7.5% (Consistent with capital cost)
$6.50 / MMbtu
30% (As a function of gas price)
$154/MWh (Based on NP15 9/99 - 8/00)
3.5% / Year
10 Years, 2001 - 2010
The evaluation was performed using discounted cash flow techniques
with capital expenditures assumed paid from cash on hand. Additional
sensitivity was performed to assess the impacts of financing the plant
over time.
The Options were evaluated using a 10 year time horizon. One variant of
Option 3 was reviewed which assumed that the CT2 owners would not sell
the call option to ENRON over the first three years and instead sold any
unused plant output into the market whenever market price exceeds plant
incremental fuel plus variable 0&M cost. The "benchmark" case assumes that
the LM6000 owners would have otherwise had to buy the equivalent MWh
plant output from the marketplace at the time it would otherwise have been
economic to run the plant.
The $154/MWh average market price is based on the actual NP15 ex post
hourly price duration curve covering the period September 1999 through
August 2000. The average price for all hours of the year is $67/MWh. The
average price for the highest priced 30% of the hours is $154/MWh. Using a
conservatively high delivered gas price of $6.50 per MMBtu results in the plant
"running" at a 30% capacity factor and thus receiving an average of
$154/MWh for all energy sold; the average production cost given $6.50 gas is
about $65/MWh which includes fuel plus variable O&M.
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10 -Year Economic Summary Table
(7/2001 Present Value)
Case
NPV Cost
Benefit v.
$MM
A, $MM
A: Buy 45 MW/hr (118,260 MWh
per year) at an average price of
$ 144
-
$154/MWh (in 2001 dollars)
B: CT2 Owners take title to plant
on 11 /1 /04 for $36MM. Enron
$ 122
$ 22
receives all interim rights to plant
energy and ISO capacity payments
CA CT2 Owners buy plant on
7/1 /01 and receive all ISO capacity
payments and a $12MM premium
$ 102
$ 42
for selling a 3 -year plant call to
Enron
C.2 CT2 Owners buy plant on
7/1/01 and get the ISO capacity
$ 88
$ 56
payments and full rights to all plant
output (no call sale to Enron)
The above cases were developed assuming that any monies paid by the CT2
owners to Enron for the purchase of the plant were paid in a lump sum from
cash on hand; no bonded debt or other borrowing is assumed to occur. If
participants were to issue debt as in Case C.2, for example, the 10 -year
present value cost drops to $73 million, just about half of the Case A market
alternative. Another alternative assessed is that the CT2 owners build a plant
without Enron involvement which comes on line in 2002 at a total
construction cost of about $34.5 million. The 10 -year net present value cost
of this outcome is $106 million.
From an economic perspective, the best outcome is to take immediate
possession of the plant, receive the ISO capacity payments, and use plant out
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to either sell into the market or to serve native load and thus avoid market
purchases.
7) Sensitivities
Several factors may significantly effect the economic results reported herein.
These include long term gas prices, new technologies, actions of regulatory
and legislative bodies, the availability and price of power from the marketplace,
and dry hrdro year impacts.
0 Gas Prices
Burnertip gas prices in California were at historic lows in the mid 1990s
at about $2.25 per MMBtu. A 10,000 MMBtu/KWh plant produced
energy at a cost of only $22.50 per MWh and, indeed, these low gas
prices were instrumental in the historic low power prices during the
same period. Summer 2000 gas prices reached over $6.00 per MMBtu
and the fuel only price of electricity produced from gas reached $60.00
per MWh for relatively efficient plants. Gas tends to be the fuel used to
fulfill peak energy requirements. Generally there is a high correlation
between gas price and electric energy price. This is an important point
when considering the construction of a gas fired unit of medium
efficiency, and tends to reduce the plant's economic sensitivity to
changing gas prices. If gas prices increase the market price of energy
increases accordingly; falling gas prices result in falling energy prices.
Gas prices are not expected to significantly affect the economics of the
proposed LM6000 project.
0 New Technologies
There has been much recent discussion on distributed generation: the
ability to build smaller, relatively efficient generators near load. This
could have an impact on the economic feasibility of new conventional
gas fired plants. There has not yet been sufficient penetration of
distributed generation to have a significant impact on the need for
conventional resources and it is not considered to have an impact on
LM6000 project economics over the next ten years or more.
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• Regulatory Actions
Regulatory actions can restrict plant locations, type of pollution control
equipment required and the total annual plant output. The proposed
LM6000 will have no run time restrictions due to the acquisition of
sufficient emissions credits. Regulatory actions to limit market price will
likely have more potential impact on LM6000 economics -than pollution
related restrictions. Indeed, the ISO Board has taken action over the
last year and a half to raise the price cap from $250 to $500 to $750
per MWH and then to reduce the cap to $500 to $250 and most
recently to impose load level price caps between $65 and $250 per
MWh. The reduction in price caps, however, is not likely to engender a
rush of new generation into California. Indeed, the proposed LM6000
project and the expected $8 million annual ISO payments over the next
three years are the result of the ISO attempting to fill a potential 8,000
MW generation deficit forecast for summer 2001.
And for the municipal participants in the LM6000 project, the new
capacity will fill only a portion of existing and future known energy and
capacity needs. Thus while caps will have an impact on market price,
the generation is needed to serve load. Only lower prices with a surplus
of generation capacity would have an adverse impact on LM6000
economics; and this outcome is counter intuitive.
It is also possible that the FERC may re-establish cost of service
regulation for California generators. Several investigations are currently
underway which may prove that undue market power has been used in
California to boost power prices beyond competitive levels. FERC may
use these studies as a basis to force generators to sell power a cost
plus a prescribed reasonable rate of return. The LM6000 project would
already be priced at cost when energy is delivered to municipal end use
customers and thus external regulatory actions would have minimal
impact on the need for, or the cost effectiveness of, this unit to meet
native load.
• Market Price
Extreme power price volatility is a relatively recent happening brought
about by a host of event but primarily the deregulation of wholesale
power generation. Low prices and excess generation would negatively
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impact the economics of the proposed LM6000 project. But it is
unlikely that this will be the case over the next ten years as the state
struggles to add sufficient capacity to keep up with load growth and the
replacement of older generators. And the LM6000 project only provides
a portion of the supply required to meet participating NCPA member
loads. Also, if market prices and power availability were favorable, the
LM6000 could be cycled or idled during these periods.
• Dry Hydro Impacts
With the transistion of the Western contract to a supply similar to a
hydro project, coupled with the CT2 owners existing participation in
NCPA's Collierville Project, the impacts of dry hydrological conditions
will have cost impacts on serving native loads. Typically these
conditions produce compound effects: 1) less water in the reservoir
reduces available energy to meet load, and 2) other hydro drainage
areas also experience poor water / reduced energy output conditions
and thus drive up market prices. So not only do you need to buy more
energy, you must pay a higher price for it.
The following table shows the CT2 owners' projected increased annual
energy needs resulting from a change from average to dry hydro
conditions.
CT2 Total Energy Need
(Year 2005, Dry Hydro Conditions)
Participant
Year 2005
aMW
Alameda
9.1
Lodi
19.4
Lompoc
7.0
Roseville
69.2
Total
105.5
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The total energy needed by the CT2 participants during 2005 under dry
hydrologic conditions is over 105.5 aMW ( 924 GWh) and this energy
will either be produced by a new plant or purchased from short- or long-
term market purchases. The LM6000 project has the capability of
providing over 40% of this energy deficit and thus a significant market
hedge during these conditions.
7) SUMMARY / CONCLUSION
Participating in a new resource endeavor has it share of risks and
rewards. The CT2 owners have a need for new wholesale supply over
the next ten years and the LM6000 project will meet a share of this
need. That Enron may receive an ISO capacity payment contract for
this unit resulting in $8 million annual payments for the first three years
of operation presents a unique opportunity to defray over half of the
total plant purchase price of $43.9 million. This plant also affords the
opportunity to increase the utilization of the existing STIG site which
was designed to accommodate additional generation such as the
LM6000 unit.
It is reasonable to conclude that this plant is an economic alternative to
meet power supply needs and participating CT2 owners should take
necessary steps to purchase this unit from Enron upon commercial
operation, given appropriate guarantees on purchase price, ISO capacity
payments, and the expected market value of plant output.
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