HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda Report - August 7, 1985 (99)~ A Y } 1 t C -Ty ODUNCL1J l�:l.al.tl.LlVti x Y;"r
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REQUEST FRUI'i
JIDAJO FOR CITY' S
PAIZTICIPATIGNi 1`1 ACTIOiAi
CONCERNING TIE
FAIR L I -BOR
STANDARDS ACT
Foli(,w. ng intrcy..iuction Ci ,e Iriatter by staffs l0iir.C11 on
1jutioi. Of C c)wlcil i�tFlil �-'-r G1�O+t, 1�eid S2COnd, alit C Or lZE d the
"turc: of $1,Ou0 from the Conti.lgency Fund for ushe
ed
ex -pend i _,
City of Lodi to join in a litigation trust fund to
for expensf's, legal fees,
experts etc to support litigatioll
in ions of the Fair Ix�or Standards Act
attacking the provis.
(FLSA) as interpreted in Garcia V. San Antonio because of
constitutional invact ori
its bur_densca'ne , costly and un �,�.�--� ia6
municipalities. �.��M
It'
PRESIDENT
J. LAMAR SHELLEY
City Attorney
Mesa. Arizona
FIRST VICE PRESIDENT
JOHN W. WITT
City Attorney
San Diego, California
SECOND VICE PRESIDENT
ROGER F. CUTLER
City Attorney
Salt Lake City, Utah
THIRD VICE PRESIDENT
GEORGE AGNOST
City Attorney
San Francisco, California
TREASURER
ROY D. BATES
City Attorney
Columbia, South Carolina
TRUSTEES:
BENJAMIN L. BROWN
Immediate Past President
City Solicitor
Baltimore, Maryland
ROBERT J. ALFTON
City Attorney
Minneapolis, Minnesota
JAMES K. BAKER
City Attorney
Birmingham, Alabama
July 19, 1985
Dear NIMLO Member:
GENERAL COUNSEL
CHARLES S. RHYNE
DEPUTY GENERAL COUNSEL
WILLIAM S. RHYNE
Washington. D.C.
The Executive Committee has voted to recommend the
filing of a lawsuit seeking a declaratory judgment that
required changes in policies and the enormous cost of the
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) cannot constitutionally
apply to health, police, fire and other essential local
government functions. With estimated increased costs of
application to municipalities now exceeding 5 billion dol-
lars'per year this problem is major indeed as it will
drastically curtail essential local safety protections.
On May 1, 1985 we forwarded to you a set of materials
outlining our recommendations for an all-out legislative,
executive and court battle to retain or regain for munici-
palities the exemption from FLSA won in National League
but overruled in Garcia. The Supreme Court in fact limits
its decision on pages 25 and 27 to the transit cases be-
fore it but refuses to "define" or "identify" local govern-
ment impacts or policies of FLSA which are unconstitutional
referring to its prior decisions as precedent for deciding
only the transit "controversy before the Court." Slip. op.,
25, 27.
MARVAJONESBROOKS
City Attorney We feel it important to have this lawsuit on the way
Atlanta. Georgia to the U.S. Supreme Court in case the Congressional relief
DOUGLAS N.JEWETT is not grantede by the proposed legislation hereinafter
City Attorney refereed to by me.
Seattle. Washington
BARBARA MATHER
City Solicitor
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
JAMES D. MONTGOMERY
Corporation Counsel
Chicago, Illinois
JOSEPH 1. MULLIGAN
Corporation Counsel
Boston, Massachusetts
ANALESLIE MUNCY
City Attorney
Dallas. Texas
CLIFFORD D. PIERCE, 1R.
City Attorney
Memphis. Tennessee
WILLIAM H. TAUBE
Corporation Counsel
Kankakee, Illinois
WILLIAM I. THORNTON. JR.
City Attorney
Durham, North Carolina
We are fortunate to have former U.S. Solicitor General
Rex E. Lee agree to act as our lead counsel and fortunate
also that the Attorney General, Edwin Meese, III, backs our
position completely. Not only did he so tell this to
NIMLO's recent Seminar on April 29 but in his address to
the American Bar Association on July 9, 1985 he said:
"In Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan
Transit Authority, the Court displayed what
was in the view of this Administration an
inaccurate reading of the text of the Con-
stitution and a disregard for the Framers'
intention that state and local governments
be a buffer against the centralizing ten-
denc.es of the national Leviathan. Speci-
fically, five Ju3tices denied that the Tenth
Midyear Seminar, Washington, D.C., April 28-30, 1985
50th Annual Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 16-I9, 1985
Exhibit A
- 2 -
Amendment protects states from federal laws regulating
the wages and hours of state and local employees. Thus
the Court overruled -- but barely -- a contrary holding
in National League of Cities v. Usery: We hope for a
day when the Court returns to the basic principles of
the Constitution as expressed in Usery; such instability
in decisions concerning the fundamental principle of
federalism does our Constitution no service."
NIMLO's fact survey has received reports from 281 municipalities
reporting increased costs of over 400 million dollars per year. Trans-
lated by statistics into application to all municipalities this means
a cost from FLSA application of over 5 billion dollars per year. This
does not include the cost of changing and keeping city records to accord
with FLSA and regulations under it of millions more in costs. The enor-
mous increased costs of this preemption of local government policy and
impact of limiting local government operations by the Federal Government
could imperil local government's ability to furnish adequate safety,
health, fire and police services thus creating a very serious local
problem.
Reaction in the Congress against Garcia is similar to that of
Attorney General Meese. Twenty-six members of Congress introduced a
bill H.R. 2866 amending FLSA to restore compensatory time off for over-
time for police, fire and other safety officers of local government. A
similar bill is H.R. 2936. In the U.S. Senate, Senator Wallop of Wyoming
has introduced a bill similar to the House bills, S. 798. Oversight
hearings on Garcia have been scheduled by Senator Nickels of Oklahoma,
Chairman of the Labor Subcommittee of the Senate Labor and Human Resources
Committee for July 25, 1985. NIMLO's cost and preemption study will be
presented by NIMLO Vice President Roger Cutler, City Attorney of Salt
Lake City, to the Senate Hearing. The same report will be given to
the White House staff for President Reagan and to the sponsors of the
House bills. ' .
Enclosed with this letter is an "FLSA Litigation Trust Fund Agree-
ment" which all municipal, state and county agencies who want to main-
tain or regain exemptions from FLSA should sign and return as soon as
possible. Non-members of NIMLO may join in this battle by executing
the "agreement." We estimate the cost of the lawsuit to be filed by
Mr. Lee and members of his Law Firm, Sidley and Austin, will be approx-
imately $400,000. Each contributor will have its contribution returned
pro rata for any money contributed in excess of the costs of this
effort.
Enclosure
JLS/kfq
Sincerely,
(TNiML0
LaMar Shelley President 198 85
MONDAY. JULY 15, 1485
THF. WAAINGTON POST
Sutpremd%,
Ruling
Co-stly
0 Uourt
to
Overtime e 'sibility of layoffs, reduced services imum wage services from their em-
Kuling sy
6 6calities
Up to $15 Million
Expense. for Disthet
By Lee Hockstader
r,1 SWI w6w
A recent Supreme Court ruling
forcing state and local governments
to adhere to federal wage and hour
lawswill add $10 million to $15
million a year to the costs of oper-
ating the D.C. governm int and hun-
dreds of thousands of dollars to sub-
urban governments, area officials
say.
That is only a small portion of
what is now estimated to be the
overall 't2 billion to $4 billion cost
to state and local governments from
the ruling that forces the govern-
ments to pay overtime wages to
most of their workers instead of
giving them compensatory time off.
"It's too much money," com-
plained attorney Gilbert J. Gins-
burg, a labor lawyer who is an ad-
viser to many cities, including Al-
exandria and New York.
The ruling "hits very, very hard
and is a burden," said Cornelius J.
O'Kane, Fairfax County's personnel
director. Officials there estimate
the court's Feb. 19 ruling will cost
Fairfax taxpayers $500,000 to
$1 million a year.
Most of the added costs will
come in overtime to police and fire-
fighters, who in the past have
earned substantial amounts of com-
pensatory time off.
For example, one immediate im-
pact of the ruling is in western
states such as California, where
thousands of firefighters will be col-
lecting time -and -a -half overtime
pay for battling the forest fires that
were out of control in that region
List week. Paying the California
firefighters overtime wages, rather
than compensating them with time
off later, will cost $10 million to
$20 million, according to James D.
Mosman, the state's director of
personnel administration.
Cities, which are expected to be
hit the hardest when the Labor De-
partment starts enforcing the court
ruling Oct. 15, are raising the pos-
or higher taxes. Officials in the La-
bor Department and the White
House say they have been flooded
with calls and letters from mayors
worried about the impact of the rul-
ing on their budgets.
Local governments attacked the
ruling when it was announced, but
say they are only now beginning to
add up the likely costs as their bud-
get and personnel officers supply
them with more precise estimates.
"We are just now getting a handle
on it, and it is very difficult." said
Donald Weinberg, the District's
director of labor relations. "It is
causing a real problem."
District officials say the impact of
the ruling here will not be as severe
as in some other large cities be-
cause Washington already pays
overtime to many of its employes.
"If there are no other pressures
then it is clearly manageable," said
Betsy Reveal, the District's budget
director. "But it cannot be seen in
ig*tion. In combination with other
pr�wures it could c fuse problems."
Tim District's annual payroll is
about $850 million,
t7�tler guidelines for the Fair La
-
L
StandarkAcL which: -state and
local governmenls now must follow,
police must receive overtime pay if
they work more than 171 hours in a
28 -day period. For firefighters,
overtime must be paid after' 212
hours.
Blue-collar employes in public
works as well as clerical and tech-
nical employes, many of whom com-
monly work overtime hours, would
also be covered. Teachers, as pro-
fessional employes, are excluded
from coverage under the law.
The Supreme Court ruing came
in a case known as Garcia v. San
Antonio Metropolitan Transit Au-
thority on the question of whether
overtime provisions in the act apply
to municipal workers.
Joseph Garcia, a bus driver in San
Antonio, had brought suit against
the city, challenging its practice of
paying time -and -a -half overtime
only when bus drivers worked on
their days off or on holidays. For all
other overtime hours worked, bus
drivers were paid at the normal
hourly rate. The city said it should
be exempt from the act; Garcia,
backed by labor unions, said it
should not.
The 5 -to -4 high court ruling has
diverse implications. For example:
a Municipalities will no longer be
able to accept volunteer or submin-
ployes. Crossing guards—frequent
ly senior citizens working for little
or no pay—will have to paid at leas
a minimum wage, for instance. This
provision is expected to hurt smal
towns, which frequently depend on
volunteer workers to •a large de-
gree.
a Municipalities may have to pay
substantial sums of overtirre wages
to police recruits in academies who
devote long hours to their training.
"We've heard of an instance where
trainees are paid at a higher rate
than police captains," said a White
House official. The official, who
asked not to be identified, said the
likely effect in that instance would
be a cutback in training time ;•or
police officers.
n Public employes in some rural
jurisdictions who saved compensa-
tory time by working long hours in
the winter so they could plant their
crops in the spring will be unable to
continue that practice.
a In Puerto Rico, implementing the
act is expected to cost millions of
dollars because the government
must start paying the minimum
wage to public employes who have
been earning less.
Officials also express fears of cur-
tailed work by public safety employ-
es, and cite the case of four D.C.
homicide detectives whose inves-
tigation of a murder was cut short
last week to avoid paying them
overtime. The incident occurred
shortly after police officials had cir-
culated a memorandum outlining
steps to comply with the ruling.
"There's an increasing degree of
alarm about the costs and the Dis-
ruption, both of which will be sub-
stantial," said the White House of-
ficial.
Congressional hearings on the is-
sue are scheduled for July 25, and
three governors as well as a host of
iocat officials are expected to raise
the prospect of budget -busting ex-
penses because of the ruling.
Groups such as the National As-
sociation of Counties and the Na-
UonaI League of Cities also are in-
creasing pressure on the Reagan
administration to introduce legis-
lation that would repeal cvertime
provisions of the Fair Labor Stan-
dards Act and effectively neutralize
the fiscal impact of the Supreme
Court's ruling.
The White House official ac-
knowledged that. the administration
is considering backing such a bill.
Localmes
Congressional aides say the meas-
- ure would be opposed by organized
labor, and would stand little chance
t of passage in the Democratic -con-
trolled House of Representatives.
I "What happens on the House side
depends on how much pressure we
can gin up," said one Senate aide
who would like to see the Garcia
decision undone by Congress, "But
Politically I just don't think we can
do it"
Susan Meisinger, deputy under-
secretary for employment stan-
dards in the Labor Department,
said she believes legislation is pos-
sible. "There's a growing concern
about the impact," she said. "What w;
happens depends on how hard state
and local governments push."
In a speech to the American Bar
Association last week, Attorney
General Edwin Meese III blasted s
the court for the Garcia ruling, de-
claring that it "undermines the sta-
bility" of state and local govern-
ments.
To comply with the ruling, Los
Angeles will have to pay $100 mil-
lion a year; San Francisco, $50 mil-
lion, and New York, $40 million, ac-
cording to Cynthia M. Pols, counsel
to the National League of Cities.
Many municipalities are in the
process of determining how many
of their workers are covered by the r-
federal guidelines and how many i
are not. Some personnel officials
acknowledge privately that in bor-
derline cases where there is room
for discretion, governments may
tend ;o classify workers as exempt
from the law, and therefore ineli-
gible for premium pay.
State and local government of-
ficials also are afraid of the effects
of a provision in the federal law that
allows employes to bring private
lawsuits to recover back overtime
pay. Because the court's ruling was
effective April 15, anv municipal
worker who wants to collect over-
time since that date will be able to
do so, along with a penalty doubling
the ertime aym
ronical y, a t ough labor union
officials initially were elated by the
Supreme Court decision in Febru-
ary, some are now acknowledging
that their members are unhappy
about losing compensatory time Qt,
fiOUNCIL C011M - UNICATIP-N
10THE CITY COUNCIL DATE NO.
FROM: THE CITY MANAGER'S OFFICE AUGUST 1, 1985
SUBJECT: FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT (FisA)
Attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporated herein by refFrence, is
a July 19, 1985 letter which I received from the National Institute of
Municipal Law Officers (NIMLO). They are requesting the City of Lodi
to join in a litigation trust fund to be used for expen.6es, legal fees,
experts and others, to support litigation in attacking the provisions
of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) as interpreted in Garcia v. San
Antonio because of its burdensome, costly and unconstitutional impact
on municipalities.
Specifically, as you may remember, Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan
Transit Authority applied the FLSA to local municipalities. The NIMLO
Executive Committee has voted to reconTe-nd the filing of a lawsuit
seeking a declaratory judgmen':: that the required changes in policies
and the enormous costs to the cities for the enforcement of the FLSA,
cannot constitutionally apply to health, police, fixe and other
essential local government functions.
As you may be aware, there are at this time congressional solutions
being looked at as it relates to the FLSA, however, NIMLO is concerned
that these congressional solutions may not be forthcoming in the near
future, and believes that a lawsuit to clarify the holding of Garcia
might be apropos.
Attached hereto as Exhibit "B" is the NIML0 FLSA Litigation Trust Fuad
Agreement which we would enter into. Our participating share would be
$1,000.00 and that amount would be returned to the City if no
.litigation were persued.
It is my recarm►endation that you do make this $1,000.00 payrcr-ant to the
Trust Fund.
M. STEIN
CITY ATTORNEY
RMS:vc
PRESIDENT
Jul 19 1985 GENERAL COUNSEL
y
J. LAMAR SHELLEY
, CHARLES S. RHYNE
City Attorney
Mesa, Arizona
DEPUTY GENERAL COUNSEL
WILLIAM S. RHYNE
FIRST VICE PRESIDENT
Dear NIMLO Member: Washington. D.C.
JOHN W. WITT
City Attorney
San Diego. California
The. Executive Committee has voted to recommend the
filing of a lawsuit seeking a declaratory judgment that
SECGND VICE PRESIDENIT
ROGER F. CUTLER
required changes in policies and the enormous cost of the
City Attorney
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) cannot constitutional) y
Salt Lake City, Utah
apply to health, police, fire and other essential local
THIRD VICE PRESIDENT
GEORGE AGNOST
government functions. With estimated increased costs of
City Attorney
application to municipalities now exceeding 5 billion dol -
San Francisco. California
lars per year this problem is major indeed as it will
TREASURER
drastically curtail essential local safety protections.
ROY D. BATES
City Attorney
Columbia, South Carolina
On May 1, 1985 we forwarded to you a set of materials
outlining our recommendations for an all-out legislative,
TRUSTEES:
executive and court battle to retain or regain for munici-
BEN]AMINL.BROWN
palities the exemption from FLSA won in National League
Immediate Past President
City Solicitor
but overruled in Garcia. The Supreme Court in fact limits
Baltimore. Maryland
its decision on pages 25 and 27 to the transit cases be -
ROBERT J.ALFTON
fore it but refuses to "define" or "identify" local govern -
City Attorney
ment impacts or policies of FLSA which are unconstitutional
Minneapolis. Minnesota
Minnea
referring to its prior decisions as precedent for deciding
CityAttorney BAKER
only the transit "controversy before the Court." Slip. op.,
Birmingham, Alabama
25, 27.
MARVA JONES BROOKS
City Attorney
We feel it important to .have this lawsuit on the way
Atlanta. Georgia
to the U.S. Supreme Court in case the Congressional relief
DOUGLAS N.JEWETT
is not granted by the proposed legislation hereinafter
City Attorney
Seattle, Washington
referred to by me.
BARBARA.R
City Solicitoritor
We are fortunate to have former U.S. Solicitor General
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Rex E. Lee agree to act as our lead counsel and fortunate
JAMES D. MONTGOMERY
also that the Attorney General, Edwin Meese, III, backs our
Corporation Counsel
position completely. Not only did he so tell this to
Chicago. Illinois
NIMLO's recent Seminar on April 29 but in his address to
JOSEPH 1. MULLIGAN
the American Bar Association on July 9, 1985 he said:
Corporation Counsel
Boston. Massachusetts
"In Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan
ANALESLIEMUNCY
City Attorney
Transit Authority, the Court displayed what
Dallas. Texas
was in the view of this Administration an
CLIFFORD D. PIERCE, JR.
inaccurate reading of the text of the Con -
City Attorney
stitution and a disregard for the Framers'
Memphis, Tennessee
intention that state and local governments
WILLIAM H.TAUBE
be a buffer against the centralizing ten -
Corporation Counsel
dencies of the national Leviathan. Speci- -
Kankakee. Illinois
f ically, five Justices denied that the Tenth
WILLIAM I. THORNTON, JR.
City Attorney
Durham, North Carolina
Midyear Seminar, Washington, D.C., April 28-30, 1985
50th Annual Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 16-19, 1985
Exhibit A
W
- 2 -
Amendment protects states from federal laws regulating
the wages and hours of state and local employees. 'thus
the Court overruled -- but barely -- a contrary holding
in National League of Cities v. Usery. We hope for a
day when the Court returns to the basic principles of
the Constitution as expressed in Usery; such instability
in decisions concerning the fundamental principle of
federalism does our Constitution no service."
NIMLO's fact survey has received reports from 281 municipalities
reporting increased costs of over 400 million dollars per year. Trans-
lated by statistics into application to all municipalities this means
a cost from FLSA application of -ver 5 billion dollars per year. This
does not include the cost of chap:ging and keeping city records to accord
with FLSA and regulations under it of millions more in costs. The enor-
mous increased costs of this preemption of local government policy and
impact of limiting local government operations by the Federal Government
could imperil local government's ability to furnish adequate safety,
health, fire and police services thus creating a very serious local
problem.
Reaction in the Congress against Garcia is similar to that of
Attorney General Meese. Twenty-six members of Congress introduced a
bill H.R. 2866 amending FLSA to restore compensatory time off for over-
time for police, fire and other safety officers of local government. A
similar bill is H.R. 2936. In the U.S. Senate, Senator Wallop of Wyoming
has introduced a bill similar to the House bills, S. 798. Oversight
hearings on Garcia have been scheduled by Senator Nickels of Oklahoma,
Chairman of the Labor Subcommittee of the Senate Labor and Human Resources
Committee for July 25, 1985. NIMLO's cost and preemption study will be
presented by NIMI.O Vice President Roger Cutler, City Attorney of Salt
Lake City, to the Senate Hearing. The same report will be given to
the White House staff for President Reagan and to the sponsors of the
House bills.
Enclosed with this letter is an "FLSA Litigation Trust Fund Agree-
ment" which all municipal, state and county agencies who want to main-
tain or regain exemptions from FLSA should sign and return as soon as
possible. Non-members of NIMLO may join in this battle by executing
the "agreement." We estimate the cost of the lawsuit to be filed by
Mr. Lee and members of his Law Firm, Sidley and Austin, will be approx-
imately $400,000. Each contributor will have its contribution returned
pro rata for any money contributed in excess of the costs of this
effort.
Sincerely,
q Avt ia4
LaMar Shelley
ON,M'LO President 198b/85
Enclosure
JLS/kfq